Peran Asupan Zink dan Vitamin D terhadap Perkembangan Kognitif dan Fisik Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/jikki.v6i1.9543Keywords:
Child Development, Cognitive, Physical Growth, Vitamin D, ZincAbstract
Physical and cognitive development in children are strongly affected by adequate intake of zinc and vitamin D, as both nutrients play essential roles in bone formation, motor skills, immune function, and neurocognitive processes such as memory and learning. This review compiles evidence from studies published over the last decade showing that sufficient zinc intake is linked to improved linear growth, neuromuscular coordination, and overall motor performance. Meanwhile, vitamin D supports optimal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, promotes skeletal integrity, and may also contribute to cognitive development. Several studies emphasize the synergistic relationship between zinc and vitamin D, particularly through vitamin D receptor activity that involves zinc-finger domains, highlighting how deficiencies in both nutrients can increase the risk of impaired growth and cognitive delays in children. The findings underscore the importance of ensuring adequate nutritional intake through balanced diets, appropriate sunlight exposure, food fortification programs, and targeted supplementation for vulnerable populations. Addressing these nutritional needs is crucial for supporting optimal physical growth, brain development, and long-term health outcomes in children.
References
Ahmed, F., Prendiville, N., & Narayan, A. (2016). Micronutrient deficiencies among children and women in Bangladesh: Progress and challenges. Journal of Nutritional Science, 5, e46, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2016.39
Bhattarai, H. K., Shrestha, S., Rokka, K., & Shakya, R. (2020). Vitamin D, calcium, parathyroid hormone, and sex steroids in bone health and effects of aging. Journal of Osteoporosis, 2020, Article 9324505. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9324505
Bouftas, F., & DeVries, C. (2024). Vitamin D and pediatric bone health: Important information and considerations for the pediatric orthopaedic surgeon. Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America, 7(April), Article 100042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jposna.2024.100042
Christakos, S., Dhawan, P., Porta, A., Mady, L. J., & Seth, T. (2012). Vitamin D and intestinal calcium absorption. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 347(1–2), 25–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2011.05.038
Hamza, R. T., Hamed, A. I., & Sallam, M. T. (2012). Effect of zinc supplementation on growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor axis in short Egyptian children with zinc deficiency. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 38, Article 21, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1824-7288-38-21
Ismawati, I., Hindarta, N. A., Junus, R., Mokodongan, R. S., Sari, P., & Sineke, J. (2023). Dasar ilmu gizi (L. O. Alifariki, Ed.). Media Pustaka Indo.
Kristiani, R., Mundiastuti, L., & Mahmudiono, T. (2019). Perbedaan kadar zinc rambut dan asupan makan pada balita stunting dan non-stunting di Puskesmas Wilangan Kabupaten Nganjuk. Amerta Nutrition, 3(1), 24–32. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v3i1.2019.24-32
Purwandini, S., & Atmaka, D. R. (2023). Pengaruh kecukupan konsumsi zinc dengan kejadian stunting di Indonesia: Studi literatur. Media Gizi Kesmas, 12(1), 509–515. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgk.v12i1.2023.509-515
S., S., S., F., & Fatollahierad. (2021). Effect of zinc supplementation on child development: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Iranian Journal of Child Neurology, 15(1).
Saavedra, J. M., & Prentice, A. M. (2022). Nutrition in school-age children: A rationale for revisiting priorities. Nutrition Reviews, 81(7), 823–843. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuac089
Septiawahyuni, H. D., & Suminar, D. R. (2019). Kecukupan asupan zinc berhubungan dengan perkembangan motorik pada balita stunting dan non-stunting. Amerta Nutrition, 3(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v3i1.2019.1-6
Setianingsih, & Djaswadi. (2014). Hubungan defisiensi kadar zinc terhadap memori pada anak usia sekolah (Skripsi/Tesis, Universitas Gadjah Mada).
Shams, B., Afshari, E., Tajadini, M., & Keikha, M. (2016). The relationship of serum vitamin D and zinc in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents: The CASPIAN-III study. Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 30, Article 430.
Smelter, — (tidak ada entri Smelter pada daftar ini; dilewati)
Voiculescu, V. M., Twakor, A. N., Jerpelea, N., & Stoian, A. P. (2025). Vitamin D: Beyond traditional roles—Insights into its biochemical pathways and physiological impacts. Nutrients, 17(5), Article 803, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17050803
Zerofsky, M., Ryder, M., Bhatia, S., Stephensen, C. B., King, J., & Fung, E. B. (2016). Effects of early vitamin D deficiency rickets on bone and dental health, growth, and immunity. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 12(4), 898–907. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12187
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
