Strategi Kementerian Pertahanan dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Masyarakat untuk Bergabung dengan Komponen Cadangan dalam Mendukung Pertahanan Nasional

Authors

  • Pratiwi Andini Ristiqomah Republic of Indonesia Defense University
  • Hikmat Zakky Almubaroq Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
  • Editha Praditya Duarte Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55606/kreatif.v5i4.8745

Keywords:

Community Participation, National Defense Strategy, Public Awareness, Reserve Components, SISHANKAMRATA

Abstract

This study explores the strategic efforts of the Indonesian Ministry of Defense to increase public awareness and interest in joining the Reserve Component as part of the Universal People's Defense and Security System (SISHANKAMRATA). Using policy analysis, literature review, and evaluation of communication campaigns, the research examines how outreach strategies—such as media campaigns, educational initiatives, and digital engagement—have impacted public participation. The findings highlight both progress and ongoing challenges, including cultural barriers, inconsistent messaging, and regional disparities. Despite these challenges, efforts to engage the public have yielded some success in raising awareness, though there are still significant gaps in achieving broad participation. The study emphasizes the need for a more coordinated approach to communication, focusing on clear and consistent messaging across regions. It concludes with several policy recommendations aimed at increasing public trust, enhancing outreach effectiveness, and creating sustainable engagement strategies to strengthen the contribution of reserve forces to national defense. These efforts are essential for fostering a well-rounded and resilient defense system in Indonesia.

References

Bertram, C. (2021). National service as a tool for civic engagement and social cohesion. Journal of Civil Society, 17(3), 245-261. https://doi.org/10.1080/17448689.2021.1901098

Briggs, A., & Burke, P. (2019). A social history of the media: From Gutenberg to the internet (3rd ed.). Polity Press.

Budiman, A., & Prasetyo, B. (2021). Integrating civilian-military cooperation in Indonesia's total defense system. Journal of Defense Studies, 11(3), 45-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/14702436.2021.1897645

Buzan, B., Wæver, O., & de Wilde, J. (1998). Security: A new framework for analysis. Lynne Rienner Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781685853808

Carter, L., & Toltzis, J. (2020). The role of the reserve and national guard in homeland security. Armed Forces & Society, 46(3), 432-450. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X19884927

Cohen, S. (2020). Public trust and participation in national defense: A democratic perspective. Armed Forces & Society, 46(1), 92-112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X19886514

Dandeker, C., Greenberg, N., & Marchand, C. (2002). The reserve forces: Their recruitment, role, and impact. Armed Forces & Society, 28(1), 5-28. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X0202800102

Easton, D. (2018). Civic duty and the social contract: Foundations of political obligation. Political Theory, 46(4), 549-569. https://doi.org/10.1177/0090591718772139

Estika, F., Sumarno, A. P., & Al-Mubaroq, H. Z. (2023). Peran strategis komponen cadangan dalam sistem pertahanan semesta Indonesia: Tantangan dan peluang. Bussman Journal: Indonesian Journal of Business and Management, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.53363/buss.v4i3.312

Fauzi, A. (2023). Enhancing public awareness of military reserve components in Indonesia through digital media. Jurnal Pertahanan, 9(1), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.1672

Fawkes, J. (2018). Public communication in times of crisis: Effective strategies for engagement. Journal of Communication Management, 22(1), 22-38. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCOM-10-2017-0091

Hockin, T. (2016). Military communication and public engagement: Strategies for effective defense outreach. Armed Forces & Society, 42(2), 381-399. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X15623418

Holtzhausen, D. R., & Roberts, G. (2021). Crisis communication and public trust: A review of communication strategies. Public Relations Review, 47(2), 101987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101987

Hwang, J., & Kim, S. (2019). Strategies for enhancing public awareness of national security: Lessons from South Korea. Journal of Security Studies, 12(2), 134-149. https://doi.org/10.1080/14751798.2019.1569768

Jin, Y., & Cameron, G. T. (2019). Campaign communication strategy: Message tailoring and audience segmentation. Communication Theory, 29(2), 110-131. https://doi.org/10.1093/ct/qty019

Kapp, L., Kelloway, E. K., & Day, A. L. (2017). Recruitment and retention in military reserve forces: Challenges and strategies. Journal of Military Psychology, 29(2), 95-108. https://doi.org/10.1037/mil0000170

Khotimah, K. (2021). The form of state defense awareness through community participation culture in renewable energy management. Jurnal Pertahanan dan Bela Negara, 11(2), 221-238. https://doi.org/10.33172/jpbh.v11i2.391

Kim, J., & Lee, M. (2021). Emotional engagement in national defense awareness campaigns. Public Relations Review, 47(1), 101954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101954

Kim, S., & Park, J. (2018). Public communication and reserve force recruitment in South Korea: Strategies and outcomes. Asian Security Review, 6(3), 213-230. https://doi.org/10.1080/23739770.2018.1457891

Lee, S. (2021). The role of community leaders in government communication campaigns. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(9), 803-812. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2020.1760667

Lundquist, J., & Steinhauer, J. (2021). Comparative study of military reserve forces: Lessons from NATO countries. International Journal of Defense Management, 12(4), 201-217. https://doi.org/10.1080/1754725X.2021.1873935

Mulyana, D. (2024). Increasing the millennial generation's national defense awareness through citizenship education learning. Dalihan Na Tolu: Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Komunikasi Indonesia, 2(02), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.5555/jhui.v2i02.548

Nadelmann, E., & Caulkins, J. (2020). Civic duty and voluntary service in national defense. Social Science Quarterly, 101(5), 1800-1814. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12851

Ng, J., & Jasmine, S. (2021). Indonesia's national mobilisation strategy: Growing deeper roots? RSIS Commentaries. https://www.rsis.edu.sg/rsis-publication/rsis/indonesias-national-mobilisation-strategy-growing-deeper-roots/@RSIS_NTU

Prakoso, L. Y., Salim, G., Ransangan, J., Subhilhar, Indarjo, A., & Yusriadi. (2021). Implementation of the defense public policy defend the state in Indonesian universities. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20(2S), 1-10. https://www.abacademies.org/articles/implementation-of-the-defense-public-policy-defend-the-state-in-indonesian-universities-11160.html

Puspitasari, N., & Suharto, R. (2022). Adapting defense communication to cultural diversity in Indonesia: Challenges and strategies. Jurnal Pertahanan, 8(2), 102-115. https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v8i2.1523

Roberts, K., & Blades, J. (2019). National service and civil-military relations: A comparative analysis. Armed Forces & Society, 45(2), 284-308. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X18816298

Ryacudu, R., Putra, I. N., & Purwantoro, S. A. (2021). The role of reserve component in supporting total people's defense and security system (SISHANKAMRATA) to confront the threat of the sixth generation warfare. Jurnal Pertahanan, 7(3), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v7i3.1196

Santoso, R., & Yulianto, A. (2023). Challenges in managing Indonesia's reserve component: Policy and coordination issues. Jurnal Pertahanan dan Bela Negara, 13(2), 78-95. https://doi.org/10.33172/jpbn.v13i2.482

Sari, L. P., & Prasetyo, A. B. (2022). Integrating civic education in national service programs in Indonesia. Journal of Southeast Asian Education, 14(1), 45-62. https://doi.org/10.1080/23247797.2022.2048275

Seeger, M. W., Sellnow, T. L., & Ulmer, R. R. (2018). Communication and organizational crisis (3rd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.

Setiawan, D. (2022). Komponen cadangan dalam sistem pertahanan rakyat semesta Indonesia. Jurnal Pertahanan, 8(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v8i1.1458

Shobri, T., Yusgiantoro, P., Navalino, D. A., & Sutanto, S. (2024). Implementation of national defense policy: Management of Indonesia's reserve components. Jurnal Kebijakan Pemerintahan, 7(2), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.33701/jkp.v7i2.4594

Silberman, R., & Wiegand, J. (2017). Cultivating civic duty through education: Implications for national defense participation. Educational Researcher, 46(4), 183-193. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X17698185

Suharyo, B. G., Nuhfil, H., Fadillah, P., & Puspitawati, D. (2024). Literature review on the history of Indonesia's universal defense system. Educenter: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 3(2), 119-131. https://doi.org/10.55904/educenter.v3i2.1217

Tan, K., & Lee, J. (2019). National service and reserve force recruitment in Singapore: Lessons for regional defense strategies. Asian Security Review, 7(4), 112-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/23739770.2019.1655884

Williams, M. (2019). Digital strategies in military recruitment: The case of reserve forces. Defence Studies, 19(1), 24-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/14702436.2018.1555434

Williams, S., & Shepherd, D. (2020). Using narrative and storytelling to recruit military reserves: A communication approach. Armed Forces & Society, 46(1), 132-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X19887654

Downloads

Published

2025-11-18

How to Cite

Ristiqomah, P. A., Hikmat Zakky Almubaroq, & Editha Praditya Duarte. (2025). Strategi Kementerian Pertahanan dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Masyarakat untuk Bergabung dengan Komponen Cadangan dalam Mendukung Pertahanan Nasional. KREATIF: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Nusantara, 5(4), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.55606/kreatif.v5i4.8745